In times of crisis and conflict, how can European energy security be guaranteed, taking into account the financial and environmental costs?
The project «Europe's energy transition: Balancing the trilemma», is composed of a series of six policy papers, developed by the Brookings Institution in partnership with the Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos.
The project «Europe's energy transition: Balancing the trilemma», is composed of a series of six policy papers, developed by the Brookings Institution in partnership with the Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos.


Navigating market and political uncertainties in the age of energy transition
The future of energy is highly uncertain. The world's largest economies are failing to meet the climate objectives set out in the Paris Agreement and...
29/04/2025
25 min


Europe’s messy Russian gas divorce
More than two years after Putin’s invasion of Ukraine, reliance on Russia for energy lingers. This is the first of a series of policy papers on...
17/07/2024
36 min
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